Issue’s 2019 – Scientific Research Issues

ON PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATING ENGLISH ADVERTISING SLOGANS INTO UKRAINIAN

Kateryna Mulyk

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Western and Oriental Languages and Methods of their Teaching at the State Institution "South Ukrainian Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky", Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: m.katrin81@gmail.com

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-3360

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-13

Keywords: advertising slogans, commercials, translation strategies, tactics and operations, contrastive analysis.

The presented article is aimed at elaborating the problem of the peculiarities of translating English advertising slogans into Ukrainian. The corpus of the research was formed on the basis of the advertising slogans widely circulating in the USA. The main objective of the paper consists in defining the basic strategies and tactics of rendering slogans as subtype of commercials with the preservation of the both semantic and pragmatic components. The results of the carried-out research have proved that there exist common strategies and tactics, allowing to perform adequate and faithful translation from the typologically different English language into Ukrainian. The practical value of the research lies in the fact that the conclusions may be applied in the translation activity.

The urgency of this paper arises from the need for efficient strategies and tactics of translating different types of texts in contemporary translation studies. The object of the work is the translation of advertising slogans viewed in the aspect of its faithfulness and adequacy. The subject are strategies, tactics and operations of translating English advertising slogans into Ukrainian. The immediate tasks of the article have been predetermined by the above-mentioned objective and include respectively: the disclosure of the specifics of slogans in the contrasted languages (English and Ukrainian); the outline of the typologically common strategies, tactics and operations of translating slogans.

The methodology of this research involved the inductive, the deductive method and the method of contrastive analysis. In the course of the research it has been concluded and experimentally and statistically proved that there exist common strategies, tactics and operations of translating slogans into different languages. It has also been postulated that the pragmatic and the expressive potential of slogans is preserved and rendered in translation.

The perspective is seen in reviewing this issue in different Rhaeto-Romanic, Germanic and Slavic languages.

References

Berd, P. (1997). Prodai sebia!: Taktika sovershenstvovaniia Vashego imidzha [Sell yourself!: The tactics of improving your image]. Minsk: Amalfeia [in Russian].

Bove К.V. & Arens, W.F. (1995). Sovremennaia reklama [Modern advertisement]. Tolyatti [in Russian].

Diadechko, L.А. (2012). Suchasni pretsendentni teksty reklamnoho pokhodzhennia [Modern precedent texts of advertising origin]. Komparatyvni doslidzhennia slovianskykh mov i literatur. – Comparative studies of the Slavic languages and literatures, 18, 50 [in Ukrainian].

Imshinetskaia, I. (2002). Kreativ v reklame [Creativity in advertising]. Мoscow: «RIP–holding» [in Russian].

Koniukhova, L. (2003). Vyrazhennia sponukannia v slohani telereklamy [How to express imperativeness in TV advertisement]. Visnyk Lviv. un-tu. Seriia zhurnalistyka – The Bulletin of the Lviv University. Journalism Series, 23. 134 [in Ukrainian].

Krylova-Hrek, Yu. (2008). Psykholinhvistychnii pidkhid do pytannia perekladu tekstu [Psycholinguistic approach to the issue of text translation]. Praktychna psykholohiia ta sotsialna robota – Practical psychology and social work, 8, 74-76 [in Ukrainian].

Kurmach, U. (2011). Osoblyvosti natsionalnykh, kulturnykh, mentalnykh ta hendernykh kharakterystyk pry perekladi inshomovnykh reklamnykh tekstiv. [The peculiarities of national, cultural, mental and gender features in translating foreign advertising texts]. Visnyk LNU imeni Tarasa Shevchenka – The Bulletin of T. Scevchenko LNU, 9(220), 161 [in Ukrainian].

Lapinskaia, Yu. (2001). Khudozhestvennaia forma slogana [The artistic shape of the slogan]. Yazyk, kommunykatsiia i sotsyalnaia sreda – Language, communication and social environment, 1, 76-81 [in Russian].

Zirka, V. (2004). Manipuliativnye igry v reklame: lingvisticheskii aspekt. [The manipulative games in advertisement]. Dnepropetrovsk: DNU [in Russian].

40 Memorable Advertising Slogans and How to Create One. cleverism.com Retrieved from: https://www.cleverism.com/40-memorable-advertising-slogans

Dan, L. (2019). Techniques for the Translation of Advertising Slogans. Retrieved from: https://docplayer.net/18348931-Techniques-for-the-translation-of-advertising-slogans-lavinia-dan-nadrag-prof-phd-ovidius-university-of-constanta. html

LEXICO-SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF THE WORDS WITH THE MIDDLE DEGREE OF POLYSEMY DENOTING CONFLICT ACTIONS IN UKRAINIAN

Oksana Myhalets

Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor at English Philology Department,

State University “Uzhhorod National University”, Uzhhorod, Ukraine

E-mail: myhalets.oksana@gmail.com

ORSID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-3158

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-12

Keywords: lexical semantics, lexemes, formalized analysis, conflict, common and distinctive features.

The purpose of the present article is to conduct the all-round study of the verbs with middle degree of polysemy denoting conflict actions in modern Ukrainian, taking into account their both lexico-semantic and system-structural characteristics. With the help of linguistic methods of research and the formalized analysis of lexical semantics, both common and distinctive features of lexemes in comparative aspect as well as their position and role in the semantic space of modern Ukrainian have been determined.

Lexico-semantic study of the language units denoting conflict actions in modern Ukrainian made it possible to reveal them as a certain means of individual’s everyday activities and lives and to establish different ways of their expression both verbally and non-verbally. Conflict actions in Ukrainian are explained by 96 verbs with the middle degree of polysemy possessing 9–2 lexical meanings. The present article deals with the words in question with the middle degree of polysemy comprise 10 verbs characterized by 9–8 meanings.

In the process of our lexico-semantic analysis, we have found common (to argue; to quarrel; to protest against someone or something; to resist against something; to urge; to instigate someone against somebody; to make war; to conquer; to overcome smth.; to compete for something) and distinctive (to show dissatisfaction violently; to disagree; to rage; to object to do something; try to repress or to conceal some feelings, desires; to clash with smb. or smth; to worry, to embarrass, to torment) features of the language units in question.

Furthermore, their semantics expresses three stages of conflict actions: 1) the cause of conflict actions – to provoke; to incite; to bring someone against someone; to cause a hostile attitude to someone or something; to instigate; 2) the active stage of the process – to wrangle; to fight with, for or against someone/something; to struggle with, against smb. or smth.; to contend; 3) its result and consequences – to win in a dispute; to surpass smb.; to conquer the opponent; to force the enemy to retreat to a certain ambit, obstacles.

References

Apresian, Yu.D. (2009). Issledovaniia po semantike i leksikografii [Studies in semantics and lexicography]. Moscow: Yazyki slavianskikh kultur. (Vol.1) [in Russian].

Katsnelson, S.D. (2010). Obshchee i tipologicheskoe yazykoznanie [General and typological linguistics]. Moscow: Knizhnyi dom LIBROKOM [in Russian].

Kocherhan, M. (2010). Zahalne movoznavstvo [General linguistics]. Kyiv: Akademiia [in Ukrainian].

Luchyk, A.A. (2009). Komponentnyi analiz u zistavnykh doslidzhenniakh leksychnykh odynyts [The Component Analysis in Comparative Studies of Lexical items]. Suchasni doslidzhennia z inozemnoi filolohii – Contemporary Studies in Foreign Philology, 7, 258-262. Uzhhorod [in Ukrainian].

Ohui, O.D. (2005). Aproksymatyvni metody v semasiolohichnykh doslidzhenniakh: rezultaty ta perspektyvy zastosuvannia [Approximative methods in semasiological studies: results and prospects of application]. Problemy kvantytatyvnoi linhvistyky – Problems of quantitative linguistics. Chernivtsi: Ruta [in Ukrainian].

Prysiazhniuk, O.M. (2011). Leksykolohiia ta semasiolohiia ukrainskoi movy [Lexicology and semasiology of the Ukrainian language]. Kyiv: Kyiv. un-t im. Borysa Hrinchenka [in Ukrainian].

Prykhodko, H.I. (2015). Neverbalni zasoby vyrazhennia emotsii [Non-verbal means of expressing emotions]. Naukovyi visnyk Drohobytskoho derzhavnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni Ivana Franka. Seriia : Filolohichni nauky (movoznavstvo) – Scientific Bulletin of Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University. Series: Philological Sciences (Linguistics), 4, 150-153 [in Ukrainian].

Bilodid, I.K. (Ed.). (1970-1980). Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [Dictionary of the Ukrainian language]. (11 Vols.). Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].

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Fabian, M.P. (2011). Zastosuvannia protsedury formalizovanoho analizu leksychnoi semantyky v zistavnykh doslidzhenniakh. [The application of the procedure of formalized analysis of lexical semantics in comparative studies]. Problemy zistavnoi semantyky – Problems of Comparative Semantics, 10(1), 202-207. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].

Edmonds, Ph. (1999). Semantic Representations of Near-Synonyms for Automatic Lexical Choice. Ph. D. dissertation. Canada: University of Toronto.

Evans, V., Green M. (2006). Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Korolova, T., & Demianova, N (2019). Functional and semantic characters of an address in Ukrainian and French. Naukovyi visnyk Pivdennoukrainskoho natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni K. D. Ushynskoho. Linhvistychni nauky – Scientific Research Issues of South Ukrainian National University named after K. D. Ushynsky. Linguistic Sciences, 28, 129-138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-28.

Murphy, M.L., & Koskela A. (2010). Key Terms in Semantics. London-New York: Continuum International Publishing Group.

PERCEPTIVE PECULIARITIES OF PROSODY OF PERSUASION MODALITY IN JUDICIAL DISCOURSE

Tetiana Korolova

Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Translation, Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”, Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: kortami863@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3441-196X

Akkurt Vladyslava

Candidate of Philological Sciences, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Translation and Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”, Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: ladyboss2105@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-3428

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-11

Key words: prosody of modality, judicial discourse, perceptual characteristics, persuasion modality, prosecutor’s speech.

In spite the fact that scientific researches reflect the interpretation of the modality problem by modern linguists, there can hardly be found the works devoted to the prosody aspects of modality in court discourse.

The aim of the experimental analysis is a complex examination of functional, semantic and pragmatic characters of convincing attitudinal semantics in prosecutor’s speech in two languages: English and Ukrainian.

The results of the research demonstrate that the attitude of convincing the listeners in court depends on extra linguistic factors (situation as well as social and status relations), structural, semantic and pragmatic peculiarities of prosecutor’s speech, on the one hand, and individual characteristics of the prosecutor’s communication, on the other. Conviction prosody in a prosecutor’s speech is the most important means that actualizes the stereotypic rules of orator’s phonetic behavior aimed at influencing the audience and combines general and creative aspects. In the speech under consideration the intellectual expressiveness is the leading character (arguments and logics).

The character of prosody components interaction when exercising the attitude of conviction is similar in both languages, but the role of either component in prosodic structure differs. Thus, the rhythmic structure of English, importance of temporal parameter in the word-stress, falling character of syllabic melody (in contrast to Ukrainian), fixed position of word-stress in English and free position in Ukrainian lead to peculiarities of English and Ukrainian prosody in communication.

Differences in linguistic systems of the two languages: a definite grammar structure, vocabulary peculiarities, phonological system, condition prosodic features characteristic to either of the two languages.

References

Batsevych, F.S. (2004). Osnovy komunikatyvnoi linhvistyky [Essentials of Communicative Linguistics]. Kyiv: Akademiya [in Ukrainian].

Brytsyn, V.M. (2006). Modalna hramatyka dyskursu iak odyn iz napriamiv semantyko-syntaksychnykh doslidzhen [Modal Grammar of a Discourse as one of Directions in Semantic and Syntactic Researches]. Movoznavstvo – Linguistics, 2/3, 101-110 [in Ukrainian].

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Korolova, T. & Popova, O. (2019). Psykholinhvistychni aspekty vidtvorennia kytaiskomovnoho viiskovo-politychnoho dyskursu ukrainskoiu movoiu [Psycholinguistic Aspects of Reproducing the Chinese Military and Political Discourse in Ukrainian]. Psykholingvistyka – Psycholinguistics, 25, 92-116. DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-2-92-116

Korolova, T.M. & Shvetsova, V.Ye. (2016). Katehoriia perekonannia v iurydychnomu dyskursi [The Category of Persuasion in Judicial Discourse]. Naukovyi visnyk Pivdennoukrainskoho natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni K. D. Ushynskoho. Linhvistychni nauky – Scientific Research Issues of South Ukrainian National University named after K. D. Ushynsky. Linguistic Sciences, 22, 85-89 [in Ukrainian].

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TYPOLOGY IN SEMANTICS: IRANIAN-SLAVIC SEMASIOLOGICAL PARALLELS

Alexander Iliadi

Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Methods of Preschool and Primary Education at Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine

E-mail: alexandr.iliadi@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-8316

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-10

Key words: semantics, etymology, typology, derivative, verb.

The article deals with a topical problem of general semasiology, namely the investigation of phenomenon of semantical development regularity in the vocabulary of two groups into Indo-European genetic family of languages. The approach with regard to analysis of semantics with taking into account of coverage of several lexical-and-semantic systems enables a researcher to imagine a fuller picture about extension of lingual phenomena and gives the solid ground for synthesis. Especially interesting is observing the vocabulary of languages, whose speakers are bearers of different cultures, including cultures and traditions of communication. Typological analogies in semantics of communication of ethnic groups, which have different cultures, indicate either typology of language thinking or implementation of common patterns, which have been formed in the epoch of the Proto-Indo-European language, either language contacts in different times.

Lexicon of Iranian and Slavic languages is used as the object of observing because it hasn’t been widely devised in the aspect of its comparative semasiological description and highlighting of typologically common peculiarities in correlation of basic and derivative meanings. Preliminary observing entitles the author to highlight the semasiological parallels: 1) role-play situation when a child should be found on the road as a way to trick death, which hunting down all newborns in the family; 2) conferring of symbolic importance to a knot, tying, which can be taken as an agreement, an oath, a vow for consolidating all subjects of legal relationship; 3) very close link of hand with the idea of help (perhaps, also in ritual sense). Other semasiological parallels: human desire to reflect in lexical semantics the objects of environment by the way of comparison these with body parts; traces of an archaic view on relations between family members through blood, saved in semantics; change verba facere → verba dicere; figurative usage of the verbs with etymological meaning ʻsway, rockʼ as ʻgoʼ, ʻwolk, strollʼ; implementation of semantical potential to denote something useless through caritive prefix and root with meaning ʻcase, thingʼ; change ʻsweep, broomʼ → ʻstealʼ and ʻsweep, broomʼ → ʻchase awayʼ and other.

References

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ON THE ISSUE OF TRANSLATION ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

Natalya Zhmayeva

Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Translation and Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, State Institution «South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky», Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: zhmaeva@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3382-0155

Svitlana Yukhymets

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Translation and Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, State Institution «South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky», Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: yukhymets.svetlana@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-7310

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-9

Key words: linguistic approach, communicative-functional approach, equivalence, invariant, adequacy, translation strategy, assessment criteria.

Diversification of translation services, adequacy and quality expectations in an increasingly globalized translation industry has accentuated the significance of translation quality assessment.

Under present circumstances the goal of translation is considered to be the reference point for an interpreter or a translator. It is the goal of translation that enables the choice of the translation strategy that meets the requirements of the specific nature and the features of the communicative situation of translation. Adequacy proves to be the primary parameter of translation quality assessment necessitating the need of its evaluation as a precondition for translators’ professional activity efficiency increase and development of didactic basics of translators’ professional training.

Translation adequacy assessment, i.e. achievement of the goal of translation is carried out with regard whether replication or alteration of the features of the source text (ST) takes place. Consequently, the criterion “Degree of Relevant Resemblance of the ST and Target Text (TT)” is singled out, within which the following sub-criteria are considered: relevant information rendering, ST genre and stylistic features rendering, ST formal and structural features rendering, ST pragmatic adaptation. The strategy of the communicative translation foresees obligatory rendering the listed features, within the latest two strategies their rendering is optional.

Moreover, the following translation adequacy assessment criteria are singled out: the correctness of data arrangement and the adequacy of linguistic arrangement. These criteria are considered to be normative requirements when assessing translation adequacy within any strategy of translation and do not provide any options.

References

Alekseeva, I.S. (2004). Vvedenie v perevodovedenie [Introduction into Translation Studies]. Moscow: Akademiia [in Russian].

Vitrenko, A.G. (2008). O «strategii perevoda» [On the Translation Strategy]. Vestnik MGLU – Sopostavitelnaia lingvistika i voprosy perevoda – MSLU Bulletin: Comparative Linguistics and Translation Issues, 536, 3-17. Moscow [in Russian].

Goncharova, E.A. (2005). Interpretatsiia teksta. Nemetskii iazyk [Text Interpretation. German]. Moscow: Vysshaia shkola [in Russian].

Derik, I.M., & Beliavska, K.O. (2014). Do pytannia pro rol osobystosti perekladacha u vybori stratehii perekladu khudozhnoi literatury [On the Issue of the Translator’s Role when Choosing Translation Strategy of Belles-Lettres], Naukovyi visnyk Pivdennoukrainskoho natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni K. D. Ushynskoho. Linhvistychni nauky – Scientific Research Issues of South Ukrainian National University named after K. D. Ushynsky. Linguistic Sciences, 19, 18-23 [in Ukrainian].

Zhmayeva, N.S., Korolova, T.M. (2018). Stratehii, taktyky ta operatsii perekladu [Translation Strategies, Tactics and Operations]. Proceedings of XX International scientific conference “Practical Applications of Research Findings 2018”. (pp. 60-63). Morrisville: Lulu Press [in Ukrainian].

Iliukhin, V.M. (2000). Strategii v sinkhronnom perevode: na materiale anglo-russkikh i russko-angliiskikh kombinatsii perevoda [Strategies in simultaneous translation: based on English-Russian and Russian-English translations]. Candidate’s thesis. Moscow: MLU [in Russian].

Prunch, E. (2015). Puti razvitiia zapadnogo perevodovedeniia. Ot iazykovoi asimmetrii k politicheskoi [Ways of Development of Western Translation Studies. From Language Asymmetry to the Political One]. Moscow: Valent [in Russian].

Sdobnikov, V.V. (2015). Ispolzovanie kommunikativno-funktsionalnogo podhoda k otsenke kachestva perevoda [Use of communicative and functional approach in assessing the quality of translation]. Retrieved from https://www.sgu.ru/sites/default/files/textdocsfiles/2017/03/15/sdobnikov_v.v.pdf. [in Russian].

Sdobnikov, V.V. (2015a). Invariant perevoda: mif ili realnost? [Invariant of Translation: Myth or Reality?]. Proceedings from VII Mezhdunar. konf-tsii «Inostrannye iazyki v kontekste mezhkulturnoi kommunikatsii» – The Seventh International Conference “Foreign Languages in the Context of Intercultural Communication”. (pp.197-208). Saratov: PC “Nauka” [in Russian].

Sdobnikov, V.V. (2015b). Kommunikativnaia situatsiia kak osnova vybora strategii perevoda [Communicative Situation as the Basis of Choice of Translation Strategy]. Extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis. Moscow: Moskovskii gos. lingvist. un-t [in Russian].

Shlepnev, D.N. (2018). Strategiia perevoda i parametry strategicheskikh reshenii [Translation Strategy and Parameters of Strategic Decisions]. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovaniia – Prospects for Science and Education, 5 (35), pp. 161-170 [in Russian].

Wilss, W. (1983). Translation Strategy, Translation Method and Translation Technique: Towards a Clarification of Three Translational Concepts. Revuede Phonetique Appliquee, 66/68, 143-152.

STYLISTIC MEANS OF EXPRESSING TRANSHUMANISM IN OLES BERDNYK'S EARLY NOVELS

Paul Donets

Assistant Lecturer at the Department of Translation and Theoretical and Applied Linguistics,

State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”,

Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: dp85@ukr.net

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-0920

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-8

Key words: immortalism, cosmism, posthuman, science fiction, transhumanism.

The article examines stylistic devices in which distinguished Ukrainian writer Oles Berdnyk expresses transhumanist ideas. The author is famous for being one of the brightest representatives of native science fiction. His early novels “Paths of Titans”, “The Arrow of Time” and “Children of Infinity”, which depict a utopian future, have been chosen as an object to be studied. It is found out that the message translated by the author in a given period of his creative activity reproduces primarily the techno-optimistic discourse that prevailed in the middle of the twentieth century and has some obvious transhumanist and immortalist indications, which can be observed both at substantive (the evolution of a man into an omnipotent immortal being is being depicted) and stylistic level. In its simplest form, this is manifested in the active use of positively colored epithets, hyperbolized metaphors, metonymic embodiments and other stylistic means which shape central features of the author's idiostyle. The tropes and figures of speech used by the author are in most cases emotionally expressive, that is, they contain elements of value (mostly positive, in this case). One common characteristic of Berdnyk’s prose is its high expressiveness, that is, solemn and pompous style, contrast and bright images. Building on the ideas of cosmism philosophy, he follows the scientistic trends of the Golden Age of western science fiction on the one hand and introduces some distinctive elements of national Ukrainian conceptosphere into the established genre on the other. His late works, however, underwent drastic philosophical changes, resulting in a gradual departure from his previous views.

References

Arnold, I.V. (1990). Stilistika sovremennogo angliiskogo yazyka (stilistika dekodirovaniia) [Stylistics of modern English (decoding stylistics)]. Moscow: Prosveshchenie [in Russian].

Baranov, A.N. (2001). Vvedenie v prikladnuiu lingvistiku [Introduction to applied linguistics]. Moscow: Editorial URSS [in Russian].

Bell, D. (2004). Griadushchee postindustrialnoe obshchestvo. Opyt sotsialnogo prognozirovaniia [The coming of post-industrial society: a venture in social forecasting]. Moscow: Academia [in Russian].

Lahmann, R. (2009). Diskursy fantasticheskogo [Discourses of fantastic]. Moscow: NLO [in Russian].

Ortega y Gasset, J. (2002). Vosstanie mass [The revolt of the masses]. Vosstanie mass – The revolt of the masses. (pp. 11-208). Moscow: AST [in Russian].

Rozin, V.M. (1997). Paradoksy nauchnoi fantastiki [Paradoxes of science fiction]. Filosofiia tekhniki: istoriia i sovremennost – Philosophy of technics: history and modernity. (pp. 272-281). Moscow: IF RAN [in Russian].

Smahlii, I. (2018). Aksiolohichna iierarkhiia zemnoho i kosmichnoho u tvorakh Olesia Berdnyka [Axiological hierarchy of terrestrial and cosmic in Oles Berdnyk's works]. Naukovi zapysky BDPU. Filolohichni nauky – Scientific notes of BDPU. Philological sciences (Vol. 16), (pp. 60-69). Berdiansk: BDPU [in Ukrainian].

Parrinder, P. (2014). Science Fiction: A Critical Guide. New York: Routledge.

Smyrniw, W. (1984). Oles Berdnyk's Science Fiction. Apostle of Immortality, (pp. 7-11). Toronto: Bayda Books.

Smyrniw, W. (1981). The Theme of Man-godhood in Oles Berdnyk's Science Fiction. Journal of Ukrainian Studies (Vol. 6(1)), (pp. 3-19). Edmonton: CIUS Press.

ON STRATEGIES AND TACTICS OF TRANSLATING AMATEUR PROSE

Ilona Derik

Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Translation and Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”, Odesa, Ukraine

E-mail: ilonaderik@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-2391

Tetyana Druzhyna

E-mail: t.a.druzhyna@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2679-713X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-7

Key words: amateur prose, linguistic paradigm, strategies and tactics, contrastive analysis.

The presented article is aimed at elaborating the problem of the peculiarities of translating amateur prose from typologically different languages, in particular from French, German and English into Ukrainian. The corpus of the research was formed on the basis of the amateur prose writings on the official sites in Belgium, Germany, the USA and Ukraine. The main objective of the paper consists in defining the basic strategies and tactics of rendering amateur writings of different genres with the preservation of the both semantic and pragmatic components. The results of the carried-out research have proved that there exist common strategies and tactics, allowing to perform adequate and faithful translation from the typologically different Rhaeto-Romanic (French) and Germanic (English, German) languages into the Slavic ones (Ukrainian).

The urgency of the paper arises from the need for efficient strategies and tactics of translating different types of texts in contemporary translation studies. The object of the work is the translation of amateur prose viewed in the aspect of its faithfulness and adequacy. The subject are strategies and tactics of translating amateur prose. The immediate tasks of the article have been predetermined by the above-mentioned objective and include respectively: the disclosure of the specifics of amateur prose; the outline of the typologically common strategies and tactics of translating amateur writings.

The methodology of this research involved the inductive, the deductive method and the method of contrastive analysis. In the course of the research it has been concluded and experimentally and statistically proved that there exist common strategies and tactics of translating amateur prose into different languages. It has also been postulated that the pragmatic and the expressive potential of amateur writings is preserved and rendered in translation.

The perspective is seen in reviewing this issue in different Rhaeto-Romanic, Germanic and Slavic languages.

References

Bakhtin, M.M. (1975). Voprosy literatury i estetiki. Issledovaniia raznykh let [Literature and aesthetics issues. Researches of different years]. Мoscow: Khudozhestvennaia literatura [in Russian].

Belloc, H. (2019). On Translation. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1177/ 000608445901000204

Brower, R. (2019). On Translation. Harvard University Press. Retrieved from: https://www.hup.harvard.edu/ catalog. php?isbn=9780674731615

Flynn, P. (2013). Handbook of Translation Studies Online. John Benjamins Publishing Company. Volume 4. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1075/hts.4.aut1

Nida, E.A. (2001). Contexts in Translating. John Benjamins Publishing. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 307815427_ Eugene_ A_ Nida_Contexts_in_Translating

Stolze, R. (2019). The Translator’s Approach – Introduction to Translational Hermeneutics. Berlin: Frank & Timme. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 291059009_The_Legal_Translator's _Approach_ to_Texts

THE ROLE OF ANTHROPONYMS IN THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF ARTISTIC WORKS

Lidiya Derbenyova

Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor at Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

E-mail: derbenyovalv@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0288-907X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-6

Key words: onym, author, text, artistic world, hero, latent semantics.

The article explores the role of antropoetonyms in the reader’s “horizon of expectation” formation. As a kind of “text in the text”, antropoetonyms are concentrating a large amount of information on a minor part of the text, reflecting the main theme of the work. As a “text” this class of poetonyms performs a number of functions: transmission and storage of information, generation of new meanings, the function of “cultural memory”, which explains the readers’ “horizon of expectations”.

In analyzing the context of the literary work we should consider the function of antropoetonyms in vertical context (the link between artistic and other texts, and the groundwork system of culture), as well as in the context of the horizontal one (times’ connection realized in the communication chain from the word to the text; the author’s intention). In this aspect, the role of antropoetonyms in the structure of the literary text is extremely significant because antropoetonyms convey an associative nature, generating a complex mechanism of allusions. It’s an open fact that they always transmit information about the preceding text and suggest a double decoding. On the one hand, the recipient decodes this information, on the other – accepts this as a sort of hidden, “secret” sense.

References

Bart, R. (1994). Izbrannye raboty: Semiotika. Poetika [Featured works: Semiotics. Poetics]. Moscow: Progress [in Russian].

Kalinkin, V.M. (1999). Poetika onima [Poetics of Onym]. Donetsk: Yugo-Vostok [in Russian].

Kristeva, Yu. (2001). Bakhtin, slovo, dialog, roman [Bakhtin, word, dialogue, novel]. Lichnost i tvorchestvo M. M. Bakhtina v otsenke russkoi i mirovoi gumanitarnoi mysli – The personality and work of M. M. Bakhtin in assessing Russian and world humanitarian thought. (Vols. 1), (pp. 213-244). St. Peterburg: RHGI [in Russian].

Rudnev, V.P. (1997). Slovar kultury XX veka. Kliuchevye poniatiia i teksty [Dictionary of culture of the twentieth century. Key concepts and texts]. Moscow: Agraf [in Russian].

Superanskaia, A.V. (2007). Imia – cherez veka i strany [Name – through centuries and countries]. E.M. Murzaev (Ed.). Moscow: LKI, 2007 [in Russian].

Superanskaia, A.V. (1973). Obshchaia teoriia imeni sobstvennogo [General Proper Name Theory]. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].

Text. Structure and semantics (1st ed.). (2001). Moscow: Nauka.

Tynianov, Yu.N. (1977). Dostoevskii i Gogol (k istorii parodii) [Dostoevskii and Gogol (to the history of the parody)]. Poetika. Istoriia literatury. Kino – Poetics. History of literature. Cinema. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].

Turgenev, I.S. (1979). Zapiski okhotnika: Povesti i rasskazy [Hunter Notes: Tales and Stories]. Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia literatura [in Russian].

CONCEPTUAL CATEGORIES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN LINGUISTIC RESEARCHES: GERMAN AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE CONTEXTS

Svitlana Hrushko

E-mail: svetagrushko64@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-7780

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-5

Key words: language category, goal, reason, lexical semantics.

The article discusses the uniqueness of the conceptual categories of human behavior in linguistics’ functioning. Attention is focused on German and Ukrainian concepts in the context of their functioning in the language. The method of comparative analysis is used. Attention is drawn to the fact that, unlike the Ukrainian language, where the concepts “purpose” and (Ukrainian – “meta”) are used as synonyms, the definitions "weck” and "ziel” are distinguished in German. In the first case, “zweck” is an individual goal, already developed collectively, and the entire process of activity that leads to the achievement of the goal is fixed in the model. Secondly – “ziel” – is the concept of goal, associated with individual activities. This fact is explained by the historical and psycholinguistic features of the Germans.

The connection of linguistics and psycholinguistics in this area is undeniable. The language, thinking and behavior of people are psychologically determined by linguistic phenomena that affect the formation of linguistic consciousness of human activity as a linguistic personality with its national originality of linguistic behavior. The solution of these issues in the context of the latest achievements of psychological and linguistic science and in accordance with modern methodological requirements makes up the conceptual basis, the problem structure, the content of scientific research on the problem of conceptual categories of human behavior.

A goal is a key concept in concepts that describe any complex organic system or human behavior (primarily in understanding its purpose). It is characterized by a “concept of state” that a person or system strives for and for which it exists. This phenomenon is actively investigated by domestic and foreign scientists.

References

Arutiunova, N.D. (1992). Yazyk tseli. Logicheskii analiz yazyka: modeli deistviia [Target Language. Logical Language Analysis: Action Models]. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].

Gak, V.G. (1992). Nominatsiia deistviia. Logicheskii analiz yazyka: modeli deistviia [Action Nomination. Logical Language Analysis: Action Models]. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].

Zolotova, G.A. (1972). O sintaksicheskoi prirode sovremennogo infinitiva [On the Syntactic Nature of Modern Infinitive]. Nauchnye doklady vysshei shkoly: Filologicheskie nauki – Higher Education Scientific Reports: Philological Sciences 5, 43-51 [in Russian].

Kondakov, N.I. (1975). Logicheskii slovar-spravochnik [Logical Reference Dictionary]. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].

Yashchenko, T.A. (2007). Kauzatsiia v ukrainskii movi: ontolohiia ta kontseptualizatsiia [Causation in Ukrainian Language: Ontology and Conceptualization]. Extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].

Busse Dietrich. (2012). Frame-Semantik. Berlin: De Gruyter.

EXISTENTIAL CONCEPTS AS SUBJECTIVE CONTENT OF THE BEING OF THE INDIVIDUAL

Leonid Velitchenko

Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor at the Department of theory and methodology of practical psychology, State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”, Odesa, Ukraine

e-mail: leonidvelitchenko@gmail.com

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-3786

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-3

Key words: existential concept, personality, consciousness, subjectivity, method of color choices, subjective basis of speech activity.

Theoretical research on the problems of the individual in the discovery of its internal content, provide treatment researchers to the experience of a man, his/her existential essence as different manifestations of inner speech activity. The purpose of the article is to determine the subject basis of speech activity of an individual as a continuous mental support of his/her personality. There are aspects of the internal speech of the individual with the indication of his/her own lexical-semantic system that contains in its most General form a semantic unity specific, subject-specific symbolic, social environment.

With reference to the author’s model of the structure of consciousness, it is argued that existential concepts exist in the form of subjective appeal to the content of the relevant situation. Their generalized nature indicates the presence in them of personally significant features that determine the features of subjective rationality. It provides influence on the existential concepts of past experiences, conceptual structures, translation of the communication parties in the private space of subjective reality, creating its own semantic field. The sign of incompleteness of being is seen in the existential concepts, which brings them closer to the concept of existence. Considering the continuum of significant events as the semantic canvas of its existence in a certain period of time, it is possible to obtain information about its subjective rationality of a person with its inherent existential content. It is argued that the existential concepts are the internal "chronicle" of a man, which reflects his/her subjective being, existing at the intersection of the desired and the actual. On the example of establishing a certain correspondence between the sound and color associations of a literary work and the stimulus material of the Lusher test, the possibility of using color preferences for evaluating the psychological characteristics of its author is argued. The general conclusion about the existential concepts as about the experience of the continuum of one’s own existence is formulated.

References

Velitchenko, L.K. (2002). Oppozitsionalnaia model soznaniia [Oppositional Model of Consciousness]. Nauka i osvita – Science and Education, 2, 12-15 [in Russian].

Velitchenko, L.K. (1997). Psikhologicheskie osnovy pedagogicheskogo vzaimodeistviia: rechevoi aspekt [The Psychological Basis of Pedagogical Interaction: Speech Aspect]. Kyiv: Pedahohichna dumka [in Russian].

Velitchenko, L.K. (2004). Struktura subiektnosti [The Structure of Subjectivity]. Nauka i osvita – Science and Education, 6-7, 39-43 [in Russian].

Velitchenko, L.K., Finkov, A.V., & Tsepeniuk, I.A. (1995). Primenenie metodiki tsvetovykh vyborov (test Liushera) dlia vyiavleniia psikhologicheskikh osobennostei avtora literaturnogo proizvedeniia [The Use of Color Choices Techniques (Lüscher test) to Identify Psychological Characteristics of an Author of a Literary Work]. Natsionalnoe svoeobrazie kultur i literatur – National identity of cultures and literatures, (pp. 44-46). Izmail [in Russian].

Karaulov, Yu.N. (1987). Russkii yazyk i yazykovaia lichnost [Russian Language and Language Personality]. D.N. Shmelev (Ed.). Moscow : Nauka [in Russian].

Kuchinskii, G.M. Psikhologiia vnutrennego dialoga [Psychology of Inner Dialogue]. Extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis. Moscow [in Russian].

Lüscher, M. (1995). Signaly lichnosti: Rolevye igry i ikh motivy [Signals of Personality: Role-playing Games and their Motives]. Voronezh: NPO «MODEK» [in Russian].

Sanzharov, L.N., & Finkov, A.V. (1991). Znaet li kompiuter poeziiu? [Does a Computer Know Poetry?]. Zhurnal d-ra Dobba – Dr. Dobb's Journal, 3, 38-39 [in Russian].

Skalkin, V.L. (1974). Kommunikativno-informatsionnaia struktura ustnoiazychnogo teksta i nekotorye voprosy obucheniia rechi [Communicative and Informational Structure of an Oral Text and some Issues of Speech Training]. Inostrannye yazyki v shkole – Foreign languages at school, 6, 41-48.

Tuzova, M. (2003). Ekzistentsiia [Existence]. Noveishii filosofskii slovar – The latest philosophical dictionary. Moscow: Knizhnyi Dom [in Russian].

Hel, L., & Zigler, D. (2000). Teorii lichnosti [Theories of Personality]. Sankt-Peterburg: Piter [in Russian].

Estes, W.K. (1994). Classification and cognition. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Gardner, H. (1993). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books. A Division of Harper Collins Publishers.

Herrmann, H.J.M., & Kempen, H.J.G. (1993). The dialogical self. San Diego, New York, Boston: Academic Press, Inc.

Johnson-Laird, P.N., Herrmann, D. J., & Chaffin, R. (1984). Only connections: A critique of semantic networks. Psychological Bulletin, 96 (Vols. 2), (pp. 292-315). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Richardson, J.T.E. (1974). Imagery and free recall. Journal of verbal learning and verbal behavior, 13. 709-713.

Stipek, D. (1992). The child in school. Developmental psychology. Marc H. Bornstein, Michael E., & Lamb Hillsdale (Eds.). New Jersey, Hove, London: Laurence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.

Streek, J. (1994). Gestures as communication II: The audience as co-author. Research of language and social interaction, 27, 239-267.