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pdfLesia K. Malimon
PhD in Philology, Associate Professor
at the Department of English Practice
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University,
Lutsk, Ukraine
e-mail: malimon@vnu.edu.ua
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-0701

Olha I. Horokhova
1st-year Master's student
Faculty of Foreign Philology
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University,
Lutsk, Ukraine
e-mail: gorohovao2525@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3145-3351

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.15

SUMMARY

Purpose. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of linguostylistic tools used in official speeches of the US presidents, particularly in their inaugural addresses. The research focuses on identifying and systematizing the most common linguistic and stylistic features of political discourse and determining their role in implementing communicative strategies. This approach allows evaluating the influence of speeches on public consciousness and the formation of political behavior among audiences. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of transformations that stylistic units undergo when translated for a Ukrainian-speaking audience, and to identifying the most adequate ways to preserve their pragmatic potential in intercultural communication. Methodology. The study is based on discursive, contextual, and conceptual analyses, modeling of cognitive structures, and comparative analysis of linguistic units. An interdisciplinary approach combining text linguistics, pragmalinguistics, and political psychology is applied. Special attention is paid to stylistic devices (metaphor, epithet, antithesis, anaphora, alliteration) in speeches by F. Roosevelt, B. Obama, D. Trump, and J. Biden. Scientific novelty. The novelty lies in the comparative analysis of stylistic devices used by presidents from different historical periods and the identification of shared topoi and transformations reflecting the evolution of US political rhetoric. The study highlights how traditional American values – patriotism, democracy, and religiosity – are verbalized through individual speech strategies of modern leaders. The frequency and function of stylistic means in creating emotional and persuasive effects are also analyzed. Conclusions. US presidential rhetoric represents a complex linguistic system where stylistic devices serve not only decorative but also manipulative and integrative functions. Despite individual stylistic differences, continuity exists in the use of religious topoi and lexemes of unity. The most frequently used devices are metaphor (23.8%), alliteration (21.2%), and epithet (20.1%), which enhance emotional coloring and persuasiveness. The results are useful for translators, political scientists, and linguists studying political discourse and leaders’ communicative strategies.

Key words: political discourse, inaugural speech, linguostylistic devices, metaphor, political communication, manipulation.

REFERENCES

Didenko M. O. (2001). Politychnyi vystup yak typ tekstu [Political speech as a type of text]: Extended abstract of PhD dissertation. Odessa [in Ukrainian].
Erlikhman A. M., Lupu K. V. (2017). Stylistychni zasoby verbalizatsii obrazu Donalda Trampa (na materiali inavhuratsiinoi promovy) [Stylistic means of verbalizing Donald Trump’s image (based on the inaugural speech)]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia: Filolohiia [ Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Philology Series]. 1(37), pp. 14–17 [in Ukrainian].
Kondratenko N. V. (2007). Ukrainskyi politychnyi dyskurs: tekstualizatsiia realnosti [Ukrainian political discourse: textualization of reality]. Odessa : Chornomoria [in Ukrainian].
Kovalchuk O. (2021). Linhvorytorychni aspekty politychnykh promov suchasnykh amerykanskykh politykiv [Linguo-rhetorical aspects of political speeches of modern American politicians]. Aktualni pytannia humanitarnykh nauk [Current Issues of Humanitarian Sciences]. 42(1), pp. 190–195 [in Ukrainian].
Moskaliuk O. V. (2024). Stylistychni osoblyvosti anhlomovnykh politychnykh promov (na materiali inavhuratsiinykh vystupiv suchasnykh amerykanskykh prezydentiv) [Stylistic features of English-language political speeches (based on inaugural speeches of modern US presidents)]. Modern Philology. (1), pp. 39–45 [in Ukrainian].
Mykhailichenko Kh. (2020). Linhvostylistychni osoblyvosti perekladu politychnoho dyskursu SShA (na materiali promov B. Obamy ta D. Trampa) [Linguo-stylistic features of translating US political discourse (based on speeches by B. Obama and D. Trump)]. Naukovyi visnyk PNPU im. K. D. Ushynskogo [Scientific Research Issues of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University Named After K. D. Ushynsky]. (31), pp. 278–294 [in Ukrainian].
Nahorna L. P. (2005). Politychna mova i movna polityka: diapazon mozhlyvostei politychnoi linhvistyky [Political language and language policy: the range of possibilities of political linguistics]. Kyiv : Svitogliad [in Ukrainian].

Sadokhina-Zhuk S., Revenko V. (2023). Leksyko-stylistychni osoblyvosti anhlomovnykh politychnykh promov [Lexico-stylistic features of English political speeches]. Aktualni pytannia humanitarnykh nauk [ Current Issues of Humanitarian Sciences]. 65(3), pp. 149–155 [in Ukrainian].
Slavova L. L. (2010). Movna osobystist polityka: kohnityvno-dyskursyvnyi aspekt [Linguistic personality of a politician: cognitive-discursive aspect]. Zhytomyr : Vyd-vo ZhDU im. I. Franka [in Ukrainian].
Van Dijk T. A. (1998). Critical discourse analysis. Retrieved March 23, 2026. URL: http://www.hum.uva.nl/teun/cda.htm
Vashchuk T. (2020). Politychnyi dyskurs yak obiekt linhvistychnoho doslidzhennia [Political discourse as an object of linguistic research]. Retrieved March 23, 2026. URL: http://eprints.zu.edu.ua/1720/ [in Ukrainian].
Yakovenko Yu. L., Bolotina E. V., Kvasha O. P. (2023). Inavhuratsiini promovy prezydentiv SShA F. Ruzvelta ta D. Baidena: istoryko-politolohichnyi analiz [Inaugural speeches of US Presidents F. Roosevelt and J. Biden: historical and political analysis]. Rehionalni studii [Regional Studies]. (32), pp. 158–163 [in  Ukrainian].

pdfLuo Sicheng
Master's student at the Institute of Foreign Languages,
Hunan Normal University,
China, Changsha
中国长沙湖南师范大学外国语学院研究生
e-mail: 2645093938@qq.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2865-9109

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.14

SUMMARY

From the perspective of an interdisciplinary approach that combines foreign language teaching methodology and translation studies practices, the article addresses the problem of overcoming prosodic violations (unjustified pauses and repetitions) in the speech of Slavic-language learners when reading Chinese texts aloud. An attempt is made to prove that the root of the problem lies not only in phonetic interference but also in deep-seated differences in the mechanisms of meaning formation and grammatical structuring of information in Slavic and Chinese languages. This is supported by the analysis of typical errors and data from contrastive linguistics. As an innovative solution, the author proposes integrating strategies of translation-based text analysis into the teaching process: semantic segmentation, identification of cultural concepts, and syntactic restructuring. Based on the author's experience in translating culturally dense texts and methodological achievements, a system of exercises aimed at developing students' skills in holistic perception of Chinese utterances and their correct prosodic formatting is developed and described in detail. The practical significance of the study lies in specific recommendations for overcoming the linguocultural barrier and reducing the cognitive load on students, which contributes to the development of reading speed aloud in Chinese.

Key words: methodology of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, reading aloud, prosodic interference, translation studies, translation strategies, text analysis, linguocultural barrier, Slavicspeaking students.

REFERENCES

Duannu S. (2007). The Phonology of Standard Chinese. 2nd ed. Oxford : OUP. URL : https://archive.org/details/phonologyofstand0000duan/
Li Ch. N., Thompson, S. A. (1989). Mandarin Chinese : A Functional Reference Grammar. Berkeley : University of California Press. URL : https://theswissbay.ch/pdf/Books/Linguistics/Mega%20linguistics%20pack/Sino-Tibetan/Mandarin%20Chinese%20-%20A%20Functional%20Reference%20Grammar%20%28Li%20%26%20Thompson%29.pdf/
Lin Tao and Wang, Lijia (2013). Yǔyīn xué jiàochéng. Dì 2 bǎn [A Course in Phonetics. 2nd ed.]. Beijing : Peking University Press.
Munday J. (2016). Introducing Translation Studies : Theories and Applications. 4th ed. London : Routledge. URL : https://routledgetextbooks.com/textbooks/9781138912557/
Pym A. (2014). Exploring Translation Theories. 2nd ed. London : Routledge.
Wu Jiemin (2001). Hànyǔ jiélǜ xué [Chinese Prosodic Studies]. Beijing : Language and Literature Press.

Xing J. Zh. (2006). Teaching and Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language : A Pedagogical Grammar. Hong Kong : Hong Kong University Press. URL : https://archive.org/details/introducingtrans0004mund/
Zhou Jinhuan and Zhuang, Jiahua (2004). Hànyǔ xuéxí zhě kǒuyǔ tíngdùn xiànxiàng yánjiū. Hànyǔ xuéxí [A Study on the Phenomenon of Pauses in Spoken Chinese by Learners. Chinese Language Learning]. No. 5, pp. 67–75.
Zhao, Yuanren (2011). Zhōngguó huà de wénfǎ [The Grammar of Chinese]. Beijing : The Commercial Press.

pdfKhrystyna Kovalchyk
PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Humanities
Lviv Polytechnic National University,
Lviv, Ukraine
e-mail: holidays1997@ukr.net
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3250-090X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.13

SUMMARY

This article analyses the productive potential of the term ‘mobile communications’ in terms of its lexical definitions, structure, semantics, and its function as a technical concept. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the field of mobile communications is the most in-demand terminological lexicon, reflecting the progressive development of scientific and technical knowledge in civilisation. Mobile communications terms are defined as stable units of synthetic and analytical naming, assigned to specific concepts in the field of communication technologies and restricted to a specific area of application. It is argued that it is precisely the terminology of the mobile communications sector, which enriches and enhances contemporary English technical language, that to a certain extent elucidates its current state and enables an understanding of its powerful term-forming potential. It has been established that the most numerous thematic groups of mobile communications terminology are the names of the digital and logical components of a mobile phone, external devices for receiving and transmitting information, and so on. The pathways by which terms are borrowed into the English technical language of mobile communications from other scientific fields have been traced, which distinguishes it as a new, independent terminological system of knowledge. An analysis of the productive potential of the term ‘mobile communications’ is the aim and objective of this article. This article employs the basic semantic categories of ‘meaning’ and ‘significance’ as the guiding principles of a key methodology for studying the modern English terminology of ‘mobile communications’. The methodology involves identifying the common, generalised meaning (invariant) of a terminological term within the language system, and numerous differential features (meanings) within the speech system, which correspond to various objects of reality and are explicated through the processes of permanent term formation and meaning formation within the terminological system under study. It is concluded that the basis of the semantics and terminologisation of general-language words lies in the combination of an abstract general-language meaning and variable components, semantic-differential features which generate specific specialised meanings in professional language.

Keywords:: term ‘mobile communications’, productive potential, meaning, senses, invariant, semantic-differential feature.

REFERENCES

Bartsch R. (1999). The structure of Word – Meaning: Polysemy, Metaphor, Metonymy. Stanford : California.
Chyrvonyi O. S. (2007). Semantychna deryvatsiia u sferi informatsiinykh tekhnolohii [Semantic derivation in the field of information technology]. Nova filolohiia [New Philology]. №27, pp. 271–276 [in Ukrainian].
Corpus of Contemporary American English. URL: https://www.englishcorpora.org/coca/

Dudok Kh. R. (2021). Suchasna anhliiska terminolohiia sfery mobilnoho zviazku [Modern English terminology in the field of mobile communications] Nova filolohiia. Seriia: Humanitarni nauky [ New Philology]. № 81. T. 1, pp. 123–128 [in Ukrainian].
Hurskyi S. O. (1971). Znachennia slova i termin [Meaning of the word and term]. Inozemna filolohiia [Foreign Philology]. Vyp. 26, p. 28 [in Ukrainian].
Lazebna N. V. (2012). Problema vyznachennia anhlomovnoho kompiuternoho termina v suchasnykh linhvistychnykh studiiakh [The problem of defining Englishlanguage
computer terminology in contemporary linguistic studies]. Naukovi zapysky. Seriia: Filolohichni nauky (movoznavstvo). Kirovohrad : RVV KDPU imeni V. Vynnychenka. Vyp. 104 (1), pp. 439–442 [in Ukrainian].
Lyons J. (1981). Language Meaning and Context. Language and Linguistics. London : Fontana.
Makhachashvyly R. K. (2013). Dynamyka anhlomovnoi innovatsiinoi lohosfery kompiuternoho buttia [The dynamics of the English-language innovative logosphere of the digital world]: Candidate's Thesis. Odessa [in Ukrainian].
Oxford Dictionaries Online [Електронний ресурс] Электронный словарь Oxford Dictionaries Online. Режим доступу: http://oxforddictionaries.com
Scribner Dictionary (1986) by William D. Halsey (editorial director). California : Macmillan & Publishing Company/ Mission Hills.
Turovska L. V. (2016). Vidobrazhennia semantychnykh zrushen u terminolohii u suchasnykh zasobakh masovoi informatsii [Reflecting semantic shifts in terminology in the modern media]. Naukova terminolohiia novoho stolittia: teoretychni i prykladni vymiry [ Scientific terminology of the new century: theoretical and applied dimensions]. Rivne : NUVHP, pp. 106–110 [in Ukrainian].
Ullman St. (1962). Semantics. An Introduction into science of meaning. Oxford : Beackwell.
Zatsnyi Yu. A. (1999). Rozvytok slovnykovoho skladu suchasnoi anhliiskoi movy v 80-ti – 90-ti roky KhKh stolittia [The development of the vocabulary of modern English in the 1980s and 1990s]: Doctoral Thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].

pdfHalyna V. Kocherha
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor
at the Department of Ukrainian Linguistics and Applied Linguistics
Bohdan Khmelnytskyi Cherkasy National University,
Cherkasy, Ukraine
e-mail: kocherga_galina@ukr.net
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-3427

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.12

SUMMARY

Introduction. The article examines the formation and development of the phonetic-phonological system of the Ukrainian language in a historical aspect. The main stages of the formation of the sound system of the Ukrainian language from the Proto- Slavic period to the modern Ukrainian language are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the phonetic processes that influenced the formation of the modern phonological system of the Ukrainian language, in particular, changes in vowels and consonants, the phenomena of reduction, palatalization and alternation of sounds. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the formation and development of the phonetic-phonological system of the Ukrainian language in historical discourse, as well as to determine the main phonetic processes that influenced the formation of the modern sound structure of the language. The research methodology is outlined by the comprehensive use of methods used in modern linguistics, in particular descriptive, structural, comparative-historical methods of studying the phoneticphonological system of the Ukrainian language in historical discourse. Results. The marker of the phonetic-phonological system of the Ukrainian language in the diachronic aspect and the role of the law of open syllable in this process are established. The decline of reduced vowels, palatalization processes, changes in the system of vowels and consonants, as well as various phonetic alternations of the Proto-Slavic and Old Ukrainian periods are characterized. It has been proven that all these processes contributed to the formation of the modern sound system of the Ukrainian language, which is characterized by a wealth of phonological oppositions and a clear structural organization. The research material gives grounds to assert that the phoneticphonological system of the Ukrainian language was formed on the basis of the Proto-Slavic linguistic heritage. The Proto- Slavic language was characterized by a developed system of vowel and consonant phonemes, including reduced vowels (the so-called ъ and ь), reflexes of which played an important role in the phonological structure of the Ukrainian word. It is evident that in the process of historical development, changes occurred in both the system of vowels and consonants. In particular, new phonemes were formed, the methods of their implementation changed, and the system of phonological oppositions expanded. A significant role in these processes was played by assimilation, dissimilation, simplification of consonant groups, alternation of sounds, etc.

Key words: Ukrainian language, phonetics, phonology, historical phonetics, phoneme, sound system, language evolution.

REFERENCES

Brakhnov V. M. (1970). Yavyshcha asymiliatsii v konsonantyzmi ukrainskoi movy [Assimilation phenomena in the consonantism of the Ukrainian language]. Kyiv : Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
Karpenko Yu. O., Bondar O. I., Mykytyn-Druzhynets M. L. (2006). Suchasna ukrainska mova. Fonetyka. Fonolohiia. Orfoepiia. Hrafika. Orfohrafiia. Leksykolohiia. Leksykohrafiia: navch. posib [Modern Ukrainian language. Phonetics. Phonology. Orthoepy. Graphics. Orthography. Lexicology. Lexicography: teaching aids]. Kyiv : Akademiia [in Ukrainian].
Pivtorak H. P. (2015). Istoryko-linhvistychna slavistyka. Vybrani pratsi [Historical and linguistic Slavic studies. Selected works]. Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
Serbenska O. A. (1999). Kulturolohiia movlenoho slova: zvukovyi sklad movy yak fenomen natsionalnoi kultury [Culturology of the spoken word: the sound composition of speech as a phenomenon of national culture]. Systema i struktura skhidnoslovianskykh mov [ System and Structure of the East Slavonic Languages]. Kyiv : [B. v.], pp. 34–38 [in Ukrainian].
Shevelev Yu. (2002). Historical phonology of the Ukrainian language [Transl. from English by S. Vakulenko, A. Danylenko]. Kharkiv : AKTA [in Ukrainian].
Shevelov G.Y. (1964). A Prehistory of Slavic. The historical phonology of Common Slavic. Heidelberg : Carl Winter, 1964.
Shevelov G. Y. (1979). A Historical Fonology of the Ukrainian language. Heidelberg : Carl Winter.
Zaleskyi A. M. (1985). Rekonstruktsiia poslidovnosti etapiv stverdinnia shypliachykh v ukrainskii movi [Reconstruction of the sequence of stages of hardening of sibilants in the Ukrainian language]. Ukrainske movoznavstvo [Ukrainian Linguistics], Vol. 13, pp. 10–17 [in Ukrainian].
Zhylko F. T. (1963). Fonolohichni osoblyvosti ukrainskoi movy v porivnianni z inshymy slovianskymy [Phonological features of the Ukrainian language compared to other Slavic languages]. Kyiv: AN URSR [in Ukrainian].
Ziniakova A., Ponomarenko S. (2017). Istoriia ukrainskoi movy : Zahalni pytannia istorii ukrainskoi movy. Istorychna fonetyka: navchalnyi posibnyk [History of the Ukrainian language: General issues of the history of the Ukrainian language. Historical phonetics: a textbook]. Mykolaiv : Vyd-vo ChNU im. Petra Mohyly [in Ukrainian].

pdfAlla A. Ishchuk
PhD (Philosophy), Associate Professor
at the Department of Germanic Languages and Intercultural Communication
Dragomanov Ukrainian State University,
Kyiv, Ukraine
e-mail: allaishchuck@hotmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7825-4295
Scopus ID: 57410936700
ResearcherID: AAG-6178-2021

Olena M. Ishchuk
Associate Professor at the Department of General Studies
Ukrainian-American Concordia University,
Kyiv, Ukraine
e-mail: lesyaishchuk@uacu.edu.ua
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-2080
ResearcherID: ABG-5147-2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.11

SUMMARY

This study investigates how axiological vocabulary – lexical items encoding values and evaluative judgments – functions as a marker of public discourse in English. Drawing on four texts representing two genres (political speeches and opinion journalism) and two national contexts (the United States and the United Kingdom), the analysis identifies and categorises value-laden lexical items, examines their semantic and pragmatic functions, and compares patterns of usage across texts. The dataset comprises B. Obama's Selma anniversary address (2015), B. Johnson's COVID-19 broadcast (2020), a Guardian opinion article by J. Okundaye on intolerance in Britain (2026), and a Hill essay by H. Zeiger on civic values in the United States (2026). Using critical discourse analysis and the appraisal framework, the study conducts lexical-semantic, thematic, and pragmatic-functional analyses. The findings show that axiological vocabulary clusters into coherent thematic fields shaped by genre, rhetorical purpose, and communicative situation. Four axiological modes are identified – affirming, balancing, critiquing, and reconciling – each corresponding to a different rhetorical orientation toward values. Evaluative language in public discourse is shown to function not merely descriptively but as a dynamic tool for constructing and negotiating moral and ideological meaning. The study contributes to English philology, discourse analysis, and media literacy by demonstrating how evaluative language adapts across genres and national contexts, offering a framework for comparative analysis of public discourse.

Keywords: axiological vocabulary, evaluative language, public discourse, critical discourse analysis, appraisal framework, political speeches, opinion journalism.

REFERENCES

Alba-Juez L., Thompson G. (2014). Evaluation in Context. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bednarek M. (2006). Evaluation in Media Discourse: Analysis of a Newspaper Corpus. London : Continuum.
Fairclough N. (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. London: Longman.
Johnson B. (2020). Prime Minister’s statement on coronavirus (COVID-19): 10 May 2020. GOV.UK. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-address-to-the-nation-on-coronavirus-10-may-2020 (date of access: 4 March 2026).
Lakoff G. (2004). Don’t Think of an Elephant! Know Your Values and Frame the Debate. White River Junction, Vermont : Chelsea Green Publishing.
Martin J. R., White P. R. R. (2005). The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
More in Common (2026). The Beacon Project: Civic Responsibility in America. URL: https://www.moreincommon.com (date of access: 4 March 2026).
Obama B. (2015). Remarks by the President at the 50th Anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery Marches. The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, 7 March 2015. URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-pressoffice/2015/03/07/remarks-president-50th-anniversary-selma-montgomerymarches (date of access: 4 March 2026).
Okundaye J. (2026). Minorities in adverts are menaced, footballers observing Ramadan are booed. Is this the Britain we want? The Guardian, 3 March 2026. URL: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2026/mar/03/minoritiesadverts-
menaced-footballers-observing-ramadan-booed-britain (date of access: 4 March 2026).
Van Dijk T. A. (2006). Discourse and manipulation. Discourse & Society, 2006, 17(3), pp. 359–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926506060250
Zeiger H. (2026). America’s collective civic values outweigh its divisions. The Hill, 10 February 2026. URL: https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/5730139-shared-commitments-american-majority/ (date of access: 4 March 2026).

pdfMaksym Hnidets
Master’s student at the Department of German Philology
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University,
Lutsk, Ukraine
e-mail: maximhnidets@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0325-7509

Oksana Zubach
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor,
Associate Professor at the Department of German Philology
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
Lutsk, Ukraine
e-mail: subach@ukr.net
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1884-6875

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.10

SUMMARY

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of translating neologisms of contemporary German into Ukrainian. The relevance of the topic is determined by the intensive processes of lexical renewal of the German language in the context of digitalization, globalization and socio-cultural transformations, which daily generate new lexical units requiring adequate translation. Neologisms by their nature often lack established equivalents in the target language, carry pronounced cultural connotations and perform specific pragmatic functions, which makes their translation one of the most challenging tasks in contemporary translation practice. The article examines the theoretical foundations of neologism research: existing approaches to defining the concept of «neologism» are analyzed, the typology of new lexical units is considered, as well as the main reasons for their emergence in contemporary German. Special attention is paid to the ways of forming neologisms ‒ compounding, derivation, borrowing, abbreviation and contamination. The specifics of translating new lexical units are investigated, taking into account their structural, semantic and pragmatic characteristics, including the concept of the pragmatic potential of the text and its influence on the choice of translation strategy. The main translation transformations used in rendering neologisms into Ukrainian are examined: differentiation of meanings, concretization, generalization, antonymic translation, sense development, holistic transformation and compensation. We analyzed neologisms from the annual «Word of the Year» lists of the Society for the German Language for the period 2021–2025, their word-formation patterns are identified and the corresponding translation transformations are established. It is found that the dominant transformations are sense development and concretization, which is due to the predominantly non-equivalent nature of the units under study.

Key words: neologism, translation, German language, translation transformations, word formation, non-equivalent vocabulary, lexical innovation.

REFERENCES

Belykh O. M. (2014). Praktyka perekladu z nimetsʼkoii movy [German Translation Practice]. Lutsk : P. P. Ivaniuk. URL: https://evnuir.vnu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9557 [in Ukrainian].
Boiko Yu. V. (2017). Pragmatychyi apekt v perekladi khudozhnikh tekstiv [Pragmatic aspect in the translation of literary texts]. Studentsʼkyi poglʼad na pereklad v suchasnomu sviti [A studentʼs perspective on translation in the modern world]. 2017. P. 17. URL: https://deps.snu.edu.ua/media/filer_public/2f/4c/2f4cf7b4-7084-466f-8489-e3e6fd1312da/zbirka_tez2017.pdf#page=17 [in Ukrainian].
Daróczi I. (2020). Merkmale und Funktionen von Okkasionalismen. Acta Universitatis de Carolo Eszterházy Nominatae: Germanistische Studien. 2020. Vol. 12. S. 95–114. URL: https://real.mtak.hu/120324/1/95_114_Dar%C3%B3czi.pdf [in German].
Duden. Neologismus. URL: https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Neologismus [in German].
Duden. Okkasionalismus. URL: https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Okkasionalismus [in German].
Gesellschaft für deutsche Sprache. Wort des Jahres. URL: https://gfds.de/aktionen/wort-des-jahres/ [in German].
Ginka B. I. (2015). Leksykologia nimetsʼkoii movy [Lexicology of the German language]. Ternopilʼ : Navchalʼna knyga – Bogdan. URL: https://library.megu.edu.ua:9443/jspui/handle/123456789/4883 [in Ukrainian].
Gursʼkyi I. Yu., Avchinnikova G. D. (2024). Neologizmy v suchasnii nimetsʼkii movi: spetsyfika, prychyny vynyknennia ta shliakhy poshyrennia [Neologisms in modern German: specifics, causes of occurrence and ways of spreading]. Visnyk nauky ta osvity (Seria «Filologia») [Bulletin of Science and Education]. № 11(29), pp. 269–278. URL: https://dspace.udpu.edu.ua/bitstream/
Herberg D. (2001). Neologismen der Neunzigerjahre. Neues und Fremdes im deutschen Wortschatz: Aktueller lexikalischer Wandel / [hrsg. von G. Stickel]. Berlin, 2001, S. 89–104. URL: https://books.google.de/books?hl=ru&lr=&id=yTKGDwAAQBAJ [in German].

Kinne M. (1996). Neologismus und Neologismenlexikographie im Deutschen. Deutsche Sprache. Bd. 24, S. 327–358. URL: https://ids-pub.bsz-bw.de/frontdoor/deliver/index/docId/7423/file/Kinne_Neologismus_und_Neologismuslexikographie_im_Deutschen_1996.pdf [in German].
Rys L., Pasyk L., Bondarchuk O. (2022). Ausbau des Deutschen Wortschatzes durch Entlehnung. Naukovi zapysky Natsionalnogo universytetu “Ostrozʼka academia”: seria «Filologia» [Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, Philology Series]. Vol. 13(81), S. 252–258. URL: https://journals.oa.edu.ua/Philology/article/view/3530 [in German].
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pdfJelalatdin N. Garlyyev
graduate student of the Foreign Languages
Institute of Hunan Normal University,
China, Changsha
e-mail: 1263127964@qq.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6819-6843

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.9

SUMMARY

The article addresses the necessity of taking into account word order and the specific features of the communicative structuring of speech, that is, its actual division in both the target foreign language and the learner’s native language in order to form a correct understanding of the degree of importance of information within a sentence. Examples in Ukrainian are interpreted as a model for identifying the most important information highlighted in a sentence, since word order in an Ukrainian utterance, when analyzed from the perspective of actual division, most consistently reflects the informational actualization of an expressively neutral sentence. The languages compared in the study are English, Chinese, Japanese, and Turkmen. A comparison of the communicative paradigms of sentences with identical informational content in different languages demonstrates that an utterance may have a different number of communicative forms that vary according to their actual division. This provides grounds for a new communicative-paradigmatic approach to teaching the choice of word order in foreign language learning.

Key words: word order, communicative structure, actual division, communicative-paradigmatic approach, methods of teaching foreign languages.

REFERENCES

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Zhou B. (2024). A Comparative Study of Word Order in Chinese and Japanese Languages : Prevailing Perception and the Real Situation. Моva [Language]. No. 41, pp. 69–74. DOI : 10.18524/2307–4558.2024.41.311212 [in English].

pdfHalyna Ie. Fateh
graduate student of the Foreign Languages
Institute of Hunan Normal University,
China, Changsha
e-mail: galongalon2605@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4501-0099

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.8

SUMMARY

The purpose of the scientific research presented in the proposed article is to determine the significance of somatic expressions as a means of artistic expressiveness and their systematization among the markers of the corporeal behavior of an artistic character. The object of study is direct (immediate) and indirect (mediated) somatic expressions in the artistic text, as well as somatic expressions as one of the groups of markers of the phenomenon of corporeality. The subject of the study is the mechanisms of direct and indirect expression by markers of corporeality, containing the somatic word HEAD, of the external features and internal states of the character. The material for the study was 298 somatic expressions with the word “head”, selected from two novellas of Ivan Nechui- Levytskyi “Kaidasheva simia” (“The Kaidash family”) (105) and “Burlachka” (“Bargewoman”) (193). In the process of research, methods of scientific analysis and synthesis, classification method, typological, functional-semantic, cognitive, linguocultural analysis methods, quantitative and descriptive methods in humanitarian research were used. The result of the work was clarification of the typology of direct (immediate) and indirect (mediated) markers of the phenomenon of the corporeality of a fictional character put forward by the author in previous studies. The conclusion is that somatic expressions can function not only as direct markers of corporeality, which describe the external state of the character and show the features of his character through the specificity of kinesic movements of the body and its components, but also indirect markers of corporeality. In this case, the emotional state and intentions of a person, artifacts, smells that surround him, taste sensations that they convey, etc. can be expressed as somatic expressions in a figurative sense as metaphors and metonymies or even as thoughtful, implied meanings.

Key words: phenomenon of corporeality, somatic word HEAD, somatic expression, marker of corporeality, direct / indirect, artistic means, Ivan Nechui-Levytskyі.

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pdfAnna Dudok
PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Humanities
Lviv Polytechnic National University,
Lviv, Ukraine
e-mail: annadudok1995@ukr.net
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6906-0672

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.7

SUMMARY

This article is devoted to an analysis of English verbal prefixes in terms of their meanings and senses at the paradigmatic and syntagmatic levels of language. It examines the characteristics of prefixes in terms of their origin, transferability, negation and valency, as well as their semantic features (polysemy, synonymy). At the semantic level, attention is focused on semes as components of a generalised meaning, which includes primary and secondary meanings. The process of forming various meanings is carried out using the method of semantic opposition and combinations of semes that form the stable, invariant meaning of the verbal prefix. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the processes of semantic filling are expressed through a developed system of highly productive verbal prefixes. The main focus of the article is: firstly, on identifying the patterns of possible semantic variation in the functioning of English prefixed verbs; secondly, on the need to elucidate the mechanism of correlation between prefixed verbs and various specialised concepts across different scientific disciplines; thirdly, on the unlimited potential and necessity of using prefixed verbs in the creation of terms and term combinations within disciplinary terminology systems. It is argued that the meaning of a prefixed technical verb is structurally formed from basic semes combined with one another, which create a specific structure and introduce subjective aspects of meaning in accordance with the technical linguistic system. It is argued that in modern English there is a tendency towards a reduction in the role of Romance and an increase in the proportion of Germanic prefixed verbs. It is concluded that the process of generating various meanings is inherent in the generalising nature of the prefixed verb, in the abstract process of thought, and accordingly ensures effective communication.

Key words: prefix, word formation, meaning, meanings, verbal prefix, component analysis, semantic opposition, invariant.

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pdfAngelina I. Demchuk
Candidate of Science (Philology), Associate Professor,
Associate Professor of the Department of Germanic Philology
and Methods of Teaching Foreign Languages
State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University
named after K. D. Ushynsky”,
Odessa, Ukraine
e-mail: angelinushka12@yahoo.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-1684
ResearcherID: AAH-4237-2021

Iryna O. Lukyanchenko
Candidate of Science (Pedagogy), Associate Professor,
Associate Professor of the Department of Germanic Philology
and Methods of Teaching Foreign Languages
State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University
named after K. D. Ushynsky”,
Odessa, Ukraine
e-mail: dajlin2009@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-0736
ResearcherID: P-6084-2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2026-42.6

SUMMARY

The article studies the linguostylistic peculiarities of the Englishlanguage official educational blog as a specific hybrid genre of the internet discourse. The research is based on the corpus of 100 posts published on the UNESCO World Education Blog in the period from December 2024 to March 2026. The differential features of the official educational blog have been identified by means of a multimethodology framework, i.e. a combination of general scientific and specific linguistic methods, such as continuous sampling, contextual-interpretive and functional-stylistic analyses. The analysis results demonstrate that an official educational blog combines characteristics of institutional, scientific, argumentative and mass media discourses, forming a hybrid genre of internet communication. At the lexical level, the official educational blog is distinguished by extensive use of professional pedagogical, socio-political, legal and institutional terminology, clichés typical of institutional and political discourses, evaluative lexis, conventional metaphors and nominalisation. At the syntactic level, the official educational blog is characterised by a combination of composite sentences and short simple sentences, as well as by the strategic use of rhetorical questions and questions-in-the-narrative. The Englishlanguage official educational blog headlines perform referential, analytical and phatic functions. Their various communicative types and linguistic models prove that educational blog posts combine characteristics of narrative, analytical, polemical and persuasive texts. All these linguostylistic features mark the difference between official educational blogs and personal ones, creating neutral, depersonalised, evidence-based narrative, strong argumentative coherence with implicit persuasiveness, therewith aiming at engaging, accessible and comprehensible content for a broad audience, at increasing readership and exerting considerable influence on public opinion in the field of education.

Key words: official educational blog, English-language, internet discourse, linguostylistic features, differential features, lexical level, syntactic level.

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WEB: World Education Blog (UNESCO). URL: https://world-educationblog.org/